souse

The word "souse" has a few closely linked lives, and they all circle around the idea of being drenched in liquid. In cooking, it often means to soak food in brine, vinegar, or another liquid so it can be preserved, flavored, or softened. You can imagine onions being soused in vinegar, or meat being soused in marinade before it is cooked. In this sense, the word often appears in older recipes or food writing.

Outside the kitchen, souse can also mean to plunge, splash, or drench someone or something in water or another liquid. A wave might souse a person standing too close to the shore, or someone might be soused from head to toe by a sudden downpour. This physical sense is important because it connects naturally to the food sense: in both cases, something ends up thoroughly wet.

The word also has an older informal meaning related to alcohol. As a noun, a souse is a drunkard or someone who is often drunk. As an adjective or past participle, soused can describe someone who is very drunk. You might read that a man came home "thoroughly soused" after a long night at the tavern. This use is less common in modern everyday speech, but it still appears in fiction and colorful writing.

So when you meet souse, think first of liquid: food soaked in brine, a person suddenly drenched, or, by extension, someone soaked in drink. The exact meaning depends on context, but the core image stays much the same.