peroration

Imagine a lawyer giving a final plea in court or a politician ending a major speech with strong feeling and a clear call to the audience. That kind of formal, powerful ending is a peroration. It is the concluding part of a speech, and sometimes a formal piece of writing, where the speaker or writer sums things up and tries to leave a strong final impression. It often appears in serious or persuasive situations rather than in everyday conversation.

The word "peroration" comes from the Latin perorari, meaning "to speak through" or "to finish speaking." Historically, it refers to the concluding part of a formal speech, particularly in classical rhetoric. It is more than just a summary; it is an elaborate and passionate appeal intended to persuade, inspire, or move the audience emotionally.

A peroration isn't simply ending a speech—it is about bringing everything together with eloquence and force. It often involves summarizing key arguments, appealing to shared values, and evoking strong emotions like patriotism, hope, or outrage. Think of Martin Luther King Jr.'s "I Have a Dream" speech; the final section, where he repeats his vision for America, is a classic example of a peroration.

While primarily associated with oratory, the term can also apply to the concluding part of a formal written argument or essay, though this is less common in modern writing. It implies a deliberate and artful attempt to leave a powerful final impression on the reader. You wouldn't use "peroration" to describe the end of a casual conversation! If you encounter a speech that builds to a crescendo of passionate argument and emotional appeal, chances are you are witnessing a peroration—a carefully crafted finale designed to resonate long after the last word is spoken.