WordGarden.iokowtow
C2Pronunciation
UK
- /kˈaʊtaʊ/
US
- /ˈkaʊˈtaʊ/
Meanings
Verb
to act in an excessively submissive or deferential way
Noun
an act of excessive submission or servile respect
Beyond the definition
Imagine an ancient Chinese court, with officials lowering themselves until their foreheads touched the ground before an emperor. That's where "kowtow" comes from. Today, it usually does not mean the literal act. Instead, it means showing too much respect or obedience, often in a way that feels insincere or too eager to please. You might kowtow to a powerful boss in hopes of a promotion, or a politician might kowtow to wealthy donors to keep their support. It suggests going too far to win favor.
"Kowtow" originally described the ritual of kneeling and touching one's forehead to the ground in imperial China as a sign of deep respect and submission to an emperor or other authority figure. The word itself comes from the Chinese kòutóu, literally meaning "knock head."
While we rarely see literal kowtowing today, the term has evolved to describe acts of excessive flattery, obedience, or deference, often motivated by self-interest. It suggests a willingness to sacrifice dignity or principle in order to gain approval or advantage from someone perceived as powerful.
You might say a company "kowtows to political pressure" if it quickly changes its policies to avoid criticism from powerful groups. Or perhaps an employee "kowtows" to their manager, agreeing with everything they say even when they secretly disagree. The key is that the behavior feels exaggerated and insincere, less about genuine respect and more about trying to please or appease someone.
It's important to note that kowtowing often carries a negative connotation, implying weakness, lack of integrity, or an unhealthy power dynamic. While showing respect is valuable, kowtowing suggests going too far and giving up your own principles in the process. So, be wary of situations where you feel pressured to "kowtow"; it might be a sign that something isn't quite right.
Examples
- 1
Historical ceremony
In the old ceremony, officials kowtowed before the emperor.
- 2
Workplace pressure
He refused to kowtow to his boss just to get a promotion.
- Usage
kowtow to someone or something often sounds critical: it suggests too much obedience
- 3
Political pressure
The newspaper was accused of kowtowing to political pressure.
- 4
Customer complaints
She will listen to customers, but she will not kowtow to every complaint.
See also
Forms and spellings
4 forms open this card.
Main spelling
- kowtownounverb
Forms
- kowtowing-ing formverbnoun
- kowtowedpast tenseverbnoun
- kowtowspluralnounverb