spermicide

Spermicide is a chemical substance used to kill sperm or stop them from moving so they cannot fertilize an egg. The word is derived from the Greek sperma (meaning "seed") and the Latin suffix -cide (from caedere, meaning "to kill").

For centuries, humans have looked for ways to control conception. Historical records describe people using many different substances for this purpose, including mixtures made from plants, honey, or acidic juices. Modern spermicides often contain an ingredient such as nonoxynol-9, which damages sperm so they cannot move well or enter the egg.

Spermicide is available in several forms: foams, gels, creams, suppositories (small tablets inserted into the vagina), and dissolvable films. These are usually placed in the vagina shortly before sex. While spermicides are easy to buy over the counter, they are much less effective when used alone than many other birth control methods. They work best when combined with a barrier method such as a condom or diaphragm.

It is also important to know that spermicide does not protect against sexually transmitted infections (STIs). In fact, frequent use of some products can irritate vaginal tissue, which may raise the risk of infection. As with any form of birth control, it is best used with clear instructions and, when needed, advice from a healthcare professional.