septal

The word "septal" comes from the Latin word septum, meaning a dividing wall or barrier. In modern English, it is mainly used in anatomy and medicine. It describes something that relates to a septum, which is a wall that separates two spaces in the body.

You will often see the word in descriptions of the nose and the heart. The nasal septum is the wall between the nostrils. In the heart, the interatrial septum separates the two upper chambers, and the interventricular septum separates the two lower chambers. A septal defect means there is a hole or abnormal opening in one of these walls. A septal hematoma, often caused by injury to the nose, is a collection of blood in the tissue around the nasal septum.

The word can also appear in names of medical procedures. For example, a septal myectomy is an operation in which part of the wall inside the heart is removed in certain patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

So if something is described as "septal," think of it as connected to a body structure that separates one space from another. It is a technical word, but the core idea is simple: it refers to a dividing wall inside the body.