reproach

To reproach someone means to express disapproval, blame, or disappointment. It often suggests that a standard or expectation was not met. The word does more than simply point out a fault; it also carries the feeling that the speaker is let down by what happened.

The word comes from the Old French reprochier, meaning "to bring back" or "to blame." In modern English, it is used when someone speaks in a way that shows blame or disappointment, sometimes mildly and sometimes quite strongly. You might reproach a colleague for being late to a meeting, not only because they were late, but because you counted on them to be there on time.

You can also reproach yourself, which means to blame yourself with regret. "I reproach myself for not speaking up when I saw the injustice" means you feel disappointed in your own action or inaction. The word also works as a noun: a silent look of disapproval can be called "a look of reproach." In the common phrase "above reproach," it means someone is so honest or good that no one has a fair reason to criticize them.

Historically, reproach could carry a stronger sense of moral condemnation. That meaning still exists, but today the word often describes blame mixed with disappointment. It is about holding someone, or yourself, to a standard and feeling let down when that standard is not met.