hamper

Hamper has two main meanings in English. As a verb, it means to hinder, obstruct, or make something harder to do. If bad weather hampers travel, the trip can still happen, but it becomes more difficult, slower, or more frustrating. If poor planning hampers a team, the team may still finish the job, but with more trouble than expected.

This verb is often used for progress, movement, efforts, growth, communication, or success. A cluttered desk might hamper your work. A knee injury might hamper an athlete's performance. A shortage of supplies might hamper a rescue effort. In all of these cases, the idea is not always complete failure. Instead, something is holding things back and making the process harder.

As a noun, a hamper is a large basket or covered container. In everyday English, this often means a laundry hamper, where you put dirty clothes before washing them. In some varieties of English, especially British English, a hamper can also be a basket or box filled with food, drinks, or gifts, such as a picnic hamper or a Christmas hamper.

The two meanings are separate, and context usually makes the difference clear. If someone says, "Cold weather hampered the search," they are using the verb. If they say, "The towels are in the hamper," they mean the basket. So when you see hamper, think either "make harder" or "a large basket," depending on the sentence.