flu

The "flu," or influenza, is an infectious disease caused by influenza viruses that affect the respiratory system: your nose, throat, and lungs. It's more than just a common cold. While both share some symptoms like cough and congestion, the flu typically comes on suddenly and with much greater intensity. Think high fever, body aches, fatigue, headache, and sometimes even vomiting or diarrhea.

The term "flu" is often used casually to describe any illness causing similar discomfort, but true influenza is a specific viral infection with potentially serious complications like pneumonia, bronchitis, and sinus or ear infections. In people, the main types are influenza A and B, which change over time. That's a big reason why a new flu vaccine is recommended every year.

The virus spreads through airborne droplets produced when infected people cough, sneeze, or talk. It can also be contracted by touching surfaces contaminated with the virus and then touching your own mouth, nose, or eyes.

Public health officials strongly recommend annual vaccination as the best way to prevent the flu and reduce its spread. Beyond that, practicing good hygiene—such as frequent handwashing, covering coughs, and staying home when sick—is a crucial step in protecting yourself and others from this widespread illness. So next time you're feeling under the weather, remember it might be more than just a cold; it could be the flu!