unction

The word "unction" first meant the act of putting oil on someone, especially in a religious ceremony. From that idea of oil and smoothness, it later came to describe a way of speaking that feels too smooth, too polite, or too flattering, often with a hint of insincerity. Think of a politician giving a speech full of charm and promises that do not feel fully honest; that is unction at work. It can also literally refer to an oily substance or balm used to soothe or heal.

The root of "unction" is the Latin word unguere, meaning "to smear." Today, the figurative meaning is more common than the literal one. When someone speaks with unction, they do not sound direct and plain; instead, their words may feel coated with extra politeness, praise, or false warmth.

"Unction" is a fascinating word with a layered history. Originally, it described the sacred act of anointing a person with oil—a central element in coronations and religious rituals where the oil symbolized divine favor, consecration, or healing. This literal meaning persists today, particularly in the term "Extreme Unction," referring to the anointing of the sick in certain Christian traditions.

However, over time, "unction" developed a figurative meaning that is far more common in modern English. It refers to an excessively smooth, flattering, or "oily" manner of speaking. This usage suggests a deliberate attempt to ingratiate oneself with others through exaggerated politeness or feigned sympathy. Imagine a used car salesman who lays on the charm too thick, promising you the deal of a lifetime while subtly avoiding direct questions about a vehicle's history—that is unction in action. In literature, a character might be described as speaking "with an unsettling unction," implying their words are carefully crafted to manipulate or deceive.

It is worth noting a slightly different nuance: in older literary contexts, "unction" can also refer to a genuine fervor or earnestness in a speaker, particularly a preacher, whose words seem "anointed" with deep emotion. However, the modern ear typically detects a note of falseness.

The key is that unction is not merely politeness; it is excessive and often feels disingenuous. It is a specific type of slickness that makes an observer suspect there is a hidden agenda beneath the surface. Whether describing a religious rite or a manipulative social tactic, "unction" speaks to a quality of smoothness—be it sacred and healing, or slippery and suspect. It is a word that hints at layers beneath the surface, inviting you to look closer and question the true intent of what is being offered.