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notwithstanding

C1
adverb

Pronunciation

UK

  • /nˌɒtwɪðstˈændɪŋ/

US

  • /ˌnɑtwɪθˈstændɪŋ/

Description

"Notwithstanding" is a formal way of saying "despite" or "in spite of." It shows that a fact is real, but it does not change what happens next. Imagine a stubborn old sailor who insists on setting sail, rain or shine. You might say, "Notwithstanding the terrible weather, Captain Bluebeard is determined to leave port."

It adds formality and makes it clear that an obstacle is not stopping the action. It works a lot like "despite" and is usually followed by a noun or phrase rather than a full sentence. You will not hear it much in everyday conversation, but you will often see it in legal writing, formal argument, or older literature. Think of it as a firm way of saying, "I see the problem, and I am moving ahead anyway."

Examples

  1. 1

    Weather contrast

    Notwithstanding the rain, the concert went ahead as planned.

    • Usage

      notwithstanding is formal; despite is more common in everyday speech

  2. 2

    Problems

    The team met the deadline, notwithstanding several last-minute problems.

  3. 3

    Postposed contrast

    Her objections notwithstanding, the committee approved the proposal.

    • Pattern

      noun + notwithstanding

      despite that noun; a formal pattern placed after the thing being contrasted

  4. 4

    Formal clause

    Notwithstanding the fact that costs have risen, the fee will stay the same.

    • Pattern

      notwithstanding the fact that + sentence

      a formal way to introduce a contrast

  5. 5

    Contract priority

    These rules apply notwithstanding anything written in the previous agreement.

    • Domain

      notwithstanding anything in...

      used in contracts or rules to say one rule is stronger than another

Forms and spellings

1 form open this card.

Main spelling

  • notwithstandingadverb