neomycin

Neomycin is an antibiotic in the aminoglycoside family. Unlike many antibiotics that are absorbed into the bloodstream to treat infections throughout the body, this one is often used where it is applied. That is why it is commonly found in topical products such as creams, ointments, and some ear or eye medicines, where it helps control bacterial growth.

It became well known as one of the ingredients in over-the-counter "triple antibiotic" ointments such as Neosporin. However, it is also a common cause of contact dermatitis, which is an allergic skin rash. Because of this, many doctors are more careful about suggesting it for minor cuts or scrapes, especially when there is no clear sign of infection.

Neomycin also has an unusual use by mouth before some bowel surgeries. Because the body absorbs very little of it from the digestive tract, the medicine stays in the intestines and helps reduce bacteria there before the procedure. It is rarely used for whole-body infections because it can cause serious side effects, including kidney damage and hearing problems. Overall, neomycin is a specialized antibiotic: useful in certain skin, ear, eye, and bowel-related situations, but best used with care and proper medical advice.